Common faults of steam and water systems in marine boilers

1. Loss of water

When the water level of the marine boiler is lower than the minimum working water level, it is called water loss. Loss of water in the boiler is very dangerous, because at this time part of the heated surface is exposed to the water surface and is burned red or even damaged by the high-temperature flue gas. When water loss is found, it should be dealt with according to the situation. During the “calling water” operation, if water still enters the water level gauge when the steam valve is closed, it indicates that the boiler water level is still above the water level gauge water connection pipe and can be quickly added. Large water supply; if the "call water" does not come, do not supply water to the furnace at this time to prevent cracks on the heated surface of the red heat, or even explosion of the boiler, but the furnace should be shut down immediately, and the heating should be further checked after natural cooling The extent of surface damage, and find out and eliminate the cause of insufficient water supply.

2. Full of water

The boiler water level higher than the maximum working water level is called full water. Although the boiler full of water is not as dangerous as it is when it loses water, it must be discovered and dealt with in time. Full water will make the supplied steam too humid, causing water hammer and corrosion of equipment pipelines. When it is found that the water is full, immediately stop the steam supply and carry out the upper drain until the water level returns to normal; at the same time, open the steam pipeline and the drain valve on the equipment to drain the water; then find out the cause and eliminate it.

3. The pipe on the heating surface is broken

Overheating of the pipe wall due to severe scaling, poor water circulation, or severe corrosion may cause the pipe on the heated surface to rupture. At this time, it can be found by listening to the sound, white smoke (water mist) from the chimney, the rapid decrease of the boiler water level and vapor pressure. If the break is very small and there is only a little water seepage, the boiler can be allowed to continue to operate, but it should be monitored strictly; if the water level drops quickly, the boiler should be shut down immediately. After stopping the boiler and waiting for the boiler to cool down, the water in it can be drained and the pipe can be blocked in the boiler.

Pipe blockage is a temporary measure when the pipe on the heating surface is broken and cannot be replaced temporarily. For water-tube boilers, the steel plug that blocks the water pipe should have a certain taper and be coated with white lead oil, plug it at both ends of the broken pipe, and then tap it with a hand hammer to ensure a certain degree of tightness. For smoke tube boilers, plugging rods with threads and cover plates at both ends can be used to block the broken tube. When plugging the pipe, place an asbestos pad between the cover plate of the plugging rod and the tube plate, and then tighten the screws. The number of blocked pipes should not be too much, so as not to affect the uniformity of heating. After the pipe is blocked, the necessary water pressure test should be carried out, and the steam can be ignited again after it is confirmed that there is no leakage.

4. The boiler water is abnormally reduced

Under normal water supply conditions, the boiler produces an abnormally low water level. The reason is that the water level gauge water valve and steam valve switch are wrong; soot blowers, safety valves and boiler heating surface pipes leak; water supply pumps, valves and automatic water supply devices malfunction. According to different situations, the reasons should be identified and eliminated.